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Mitral Valve Prolapse
Mitral Valve Prolapse
Mitral Valve Prolapse: Symptoms, Causes and Risk Factors, Diagnosis | National Heart Centre Singapore
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Mitral Valve Prolapse - What it is
Mitral valve prolapse occurs when the mitral valve fails to close properly. A normal functioning heart has a mitral valve which closes completely during contraction of the left ventricle, thus preventing blood from flowing back into the left atrium.
However, for people with mitral valve prolapse, one or both of the mitral valve's flaps have extra tissue, which results in them bulging (also known as prolapsing) into the left atrium as the heart contracts.
This bulging may keep the valve from closing tightly, causing blood to leak backward into the left atrium, resulting in a condition called
mitral valve regurgitation
. This may not be an issue if the amount of blood which leaks backward is small.
Mitral Valve Prolapse - Symptoms
While mitral valve prolapse may be a life-long disorder for some, many patients never have symptoms.
Often signs and symptoms occur because blood is flowing backward from the valve. The symptoms for mitral valve prolapse vary, with most cases starting from mild to a gradual increase in symptoms:
A racing or irregular heartbeat (
arrhythmia
)
Chest pain which is not due to a heart attack or
coronary artery disease
Shortness of breath or difficulty in breathing, even when lying flat or during physical activity
Dizziness
Fatigue
Mitral Valve Prolapse - How to prevent?
Mitral Valve Prolapse - Causes and Risk Factors
Complications
While most people with mitral valve prolapse never have problems, complications may occur. These complications can include:
Mitral valve regurgitation
Heart valve infection (endocarditis)
Heart rhythm problems (
arrhythmias
)
Mitral Valve Prolapse - Diagnosis
Diagnosis typically starts with a physical examination by a doctor, assessing your medical history and routine tests.
Other tests recommended may include:
Electrocardiogram (ECG)
Echocardiogram (Echo)
Exercise Stress Test
Mitral Valve Prolapse - Treatments
Mitral Valve Prolapse - Preparing for surgery
Mitral Valve Prolapse - Post-surgery care
Mitral Valve Prolapse - Other Information
Overview
Tags:
Cardiothoracic Surgery
Article contributed by
Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery
,
National Heart Centre Singapore
The information provided is not intended as medical advice.
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